60 pages 2 hours read

Needful Things

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1991

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Character Analysis

Brian Rusk

Content Warning: This section of the guide contains descriptions of graphic violence, homicide, suicide, child loss, sexual abuse of a child, addiction, and animal death.

Eleven-year-old Brian begins the novel as a largely innocent, carefree child. He was born with a harelip and attends weekly speech therapy sessions, and he has a crush on Sally Ratcliffe, the speech therapist. He has a younger brother, Sean, whom he loves very much. Brian enjoys watching baseball with his dad. He feels obligated to love his mother, Cora, but finds her relationship with food problematic.

Brian is a thoughtful boy and a good student. He collects baseball cards with his dad, and this interest causes him to falls under Mr. Gaunt’s spell when he is led to believe that an old baseball card of a lackluster player is actually a rare Sandy Koufax card. Caught in Mr. Gaunt’s supernatural snare, Brian is manipulated into covering Wilma’s sheets with mud and throwing rocks through her windows to incite her deadly feud with Nettie.

Brian’s interactions with Mr. Gaunt introduce the shopkeeper’s manipulative tactics. Gaunt’s ability to create an illusion of friendship and understanding makes Brian feel valued and special, further ensnaring him in a web of deceit. This dynamic highlights the predatory nature of Gaunt’s character as he exploits Brian’s need for validation.

As the novel progresses and Brian is forced to complete a number of harmful “pranks,” the boy’s internal struggle becomes increasingly evident. Although he initially rationalizes the pranks as harmless, the deadly repercussions of his actions weigh heavily on him. Brian’s descent into guilt and fear reflects the psychological toll of Mr. Gaunt’s manipulations. His dreams of monsters and his growing paranoia illustrate the emotional and moral conflict that he experiences as he grapples with the consequences of his choices. Once he realizes what he has done, he fears the repercussions of his actions, and he ultimately succumbs to suicide. In a final act of compassion before his death, he warns his brother Sean never to go near Needful Things. Thus, even in the midst of his darkest and most desperate moment, Brian is determined to save his brother from a similar fate.

Leland Gaunt

Leland Gaunt is a sinister and enigmatic figure who embodies supernatural malevolence. In his current incarnation, he appears as a sharply dressed older man whose sophistication sets him apart from the regular residents of Castle Rock. His female customers are particularly fascinated by his hypnotic eyes, which seem to change color and scrutinize everyone. In front of potential customers, he maintains a veneer of neatness and calm, demonstrating polished manners and using his velvety voice to draw people in. However, once he makes physical contact with customers, they tend to feel an immediate sense of revulsion. 

He arrives in Castle Rock to open a new “antiques” store called Needful Things. The store seems to be stocked with ordinary items, but every person who enters the store becomes deeply enamored of a different item and falls under the spell of Mr. Gaunt, perceiving the chosen object as uniquely important. Mr. Gaunt has an uncanny ability to identify what his customers desire most, and he manipulates their personal histories and sources of vulnerability and greed to sow discord, violence, and chaos throughout the town. His chief method is to require his customers to “pay” him in the form of increasingly harmful pranks on others. These pranks are designed to play upon long-established grudges and ignite simmering tensions, allowing Gaunt to tighten his hold over his customers’ souls. He thrives on violence, feeding off the anger, fear, and despair that his manipulations create.

Brian is the first resident to recognize that Mr. Gaunt is not human, and this impression is graphically confirmed when Ace witnesses Mr. Gaunt start to eat a dead rat. Toward the end of the novel, Stephen King finally offers a brief, enigmatic paragraph that provides insight into Mr. Gaunt’s origins. The proprietor is really a demonic entity that has existed for centuries and first began his disastrous activities in Europe. He moved from town to town, sowing destruction, stealing souls, and reaping spiritual corruption. His purpose is to exploit the greed and weakness inherent in all of humanity, using deeply desired objects as a means of cursing and harming innocent and guilty people alike. Every item that he sells possesses a malevolent energy that binds the buyer to him in inexplicable ways. Mr. Gaunt is ultimately a supernatural predator who relies on the psychological frailty of his victims, exploiting their material desires and preying upon their innate capacity for corruption.

At the end of the novel, Alan “defeats” Mr. Gaunt through the purity of a magic trick, after which Mr. Gaunt drops his bag of souls and is forced to leave Castle Rock. He sets off in his magical car, which transforms into a horse and then into a cart that is driven by an evil-looking dwarf. The narrative suggests that this is Mr. Gaunt’s true form. At the end of the novel, a new narrator notes the sudden appearance of a shop called Answered Prayers in a small town in Iowa.

Polly Chalmers

Patricia (“Polly”) Chalmers is a complex middle-aged woman whose demeanor conveys both strength and vulnerability. As the owner of a sewing shop, Polly depends on her hands to make a living, but her vocation has grown complicated due to her debilitating arthritis. She nonetheless carries herself with quiet dignity, her movements often slow and deliberate. Despite struggling to perform basic tasks, she strives to maintain her independence and composure. Polly does not like asking for help or letting others know how much pain she is in. Her constant discomfort weighs heavily on her emotional well-being, and she finds relief in her romantic relationship with Alan and her friendship with Nettie. Though Nettie has been largely ostracized for murdering her husband, Polly finds Nettie to be very thoughtful and compassionate. Polly’s battle with arthritis has left her feeling isolated, contributing to a sense of insecurity over her ability to connect with others. Polly’s hands, once nimble and capable, now struggle to create the delicate lacework that she once loved, and this loss symbolizes her broader struggle to hold onto the life she wants.

Polly became pregnant at age 17. Her parents were deeply disappointed, and she left Castle Rock to have her baby, eventually ending up in San Francisco. Though she had long romanticized California, she experienced devastating poverty as she struggled to feed herself and her child. While at work, she would leave her son in the care of a babysitter. One day, her apartment burned down, killing her son. This event devastated her, and she eventually returned to Castle Rock. She and her parents had both hoped to mend their relationship, but the quick deaths of her parents and her beloved aunt sent Polly down a new spiral of devastation.

Now, Polly’s relationship with Alan is one of the few bright spots in her life. Their tender and genuine bond is built on mutual respect and a shared desire for companionship. Alan’s steadfastness provides Polly with a sense of security, while she offers him warmth and understanding. However, their relationship is not without its struggles, as both are haunted by past wounds and the challenges of their present lives. Polly does not disclose the truth to Alan about how her son died, and although Alan realizes that she is lying, he is content to wait for her to tell him the truth. Polly realizes that Alan is a grieving widower and father, and she is content to take their relationship slowly, not wanting him to suffer under the limelight of scrutiny.

Like many others in Castle Rock, she falls under the spell of Gaunt’s manipulations when he offers her a miraculous cure for her arthritis. The relief from pain is intoxicating, making her vulnerable to his influence. However, Polly’s journey differs from others because she ultimately confronts the true cost of her desires and renounces the item she bought from Needful Things. When she recognizes that the amulet she purchased is actually poisoning her rather than helping her, she finds the strength to remove it and to kill the monster within.

Alan Pangborn

Alan is defined by his compassion, introspection, resilience, and sense of duty. A man in his late forties, he has a sturdy build that reflects his long career in law enforcement. His graying hair and lined face bear the weight of his experiences, and his kind yet weary brown eyes often reveal the inner turmoil that he works hard to suppress. He is a widower; his surviving son is in college.

Alan is in a romantic relationship with Polly Chalmers: a fact that he believes he has successfully hidden. (However, the residents of Castle Rock are well aware of his relationship.) His connection with Polly is one of mutual healing. Alan is a grieving widower and father whose wife and son were killed in a car crash, and Alan is haunted by the question of whether his wife deliberately caused the crash or succumbed to a sudden medical crisis. Polly understands that Alan’s ongoing grief causes him to feel guilty about falling in love again, but she does not rush him or demand that he change his feelings. Alan finds tremendous comfort from Polly, and in turn, he helps her to feel more connected to the world. He is empathetic about her debilitating arthritis, recognizing how difficult it is for her to perform basic tasks. The biggest hurdle in their relationship is Polly’s secrecy about her past, and although Alan is content to wait for her to feel comfortable enough to confide in him, Polly fears that he will hate her once he knows the truth. In the novel’s conclusion, Polly prevents Alan from succumbing to Mr. Gaunt’s machinations by forcing him to realize that the doctored video tape showing the death of his wife and child cannot possibly be real.

Alan’s grief is a constant companion, but he channels his pain into his work, using it as motivation to protect the people of Castle Rock. While he struggles privately with feelings of guilt and despair, Alan maintains a strong front, refusing to let his personal suffering compromise his professional responsibilities. Alan’s son Todd gave him a love of magic tricks. Alan finds solace in the precision and focus that is required to perform such tricks, and he uses sleight-of-hand as a way to connect with others, especially children. This innocent form of “magic” represents a rare source of joy and wonder in his life.

Alan values his colleagues and treats them with respect, fostering a sense of camaraderie within his department. His moral compass and commitment to justice make him a steadying presence in a town that becomes increasingly consumed by chaos. He is quick to recognize the growing threat posed by Leland Gaunt and uses his investigative instincts and unwavering resolve to confront this dark entity.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
Unlock Icon

Unlock all 60 pages of this Study Guide

Plus, gain access to 9,100+ more expert-written Study Guides.

Including features:

+ Mobile App
+ Printable PDF
+ Literary AI Tools